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關于福州電容器有哪些功能用途，看這里就知道！

來源：jincuigu.com.cn 發布時間：2019-12-08 返回
　　　1、電容器基本特性知識
　　　

電容器


　　　電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)是一(yi)種可(ke)儲(chu)存電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)元件(儲(chu)存電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he))。它的(de)(de)(de)結(jie)構非(fei)常(chang)簡(jian)單，主要是由兩個互相(xiang)靠近的(de)(de)(de)導(dao)體，中間夾(jia)一(yi)層不(bu)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)絕緣介質構成的(de)(de)(de)。兩塊金屬板(ban)相(xiang)對(dui)平行放置，不(bu)相(xiang)接(jie)(jie)觸(chu)，就可(ke)構成一(yi)個簡(jian)單的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)具(ju)有隔直流(liu)、通交流(liu)的(de)(de)(de)特點(dian)。因(yin)為構成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)兩塊不(bu)相(xiang)接(jie)(jie)觸(chu)的(de)(de)(de)平行金屬板(ban)是絕緣的(de)(de)(de)，直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)不(bu)能(neng)通過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)，而交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)可(ke)以通過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)充、放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)原理(li)及基本工作特性示意(yi)圖。
　　　
　　　充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過程:把電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容器的兩端分別接(jie)到電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的正、負磁，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)就會(hui)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容器充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容器有電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷后就產生電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容所充(chong)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓相(xiang)等時，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)停止。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路中(zhong)不再有電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)流(liu)(liu)動，相(xiang)當(dang)于開路。
　　　
　　　放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過程:將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路中的(de)(de)開(kai)關斷(duan)開(kai)，在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源斷(duan)開(kai)的(de)(de)一(yi)-瞬間(jian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容器上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷會通(tong)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻流(liu)動，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)(de)方向與原充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)方向相反(fan)。隨(sui)著電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)(de)流(liu)動，兩(liang)車之(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓也(ye)逐漸降低，直(zhi)到兩(liang)磁上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)正、負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷完全消失，這(zhe)種現象叫做“放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)”。
　　　
　　　提示電容器的兩個(ge)重要特性：
　　　
　　　①阻止直流(liu)(liu)電流(liu)(liu)通過，允許交流(liu)(liu)電流(liu)(liu)通過;
　　　
　　　②電容器(qi)的(de)阻(zu)抗與傳輸的(de)信(xin)(xin)號(hao)頻率有關，信(xin)(xin)號(hao)的(de)頻率越高，電容器(qi)的(de)阻(zu)抗越小。
　　　
　　　2、電容器的濾波作用
　　　
　　　電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)的充電(dian)(dian)和(he)(he)放電(dian)(dian)需要一個(ge)過程，電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)不能突變。根據這個(ge)特性(xing)，電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)在電(dian)(dian)路中可(ke)以起到濾(lv)波(bo)或(huo)信號傳輸的作用(yong)。電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)的濾(lv)波(bo)功能是指能夠消除脈沖和(he)(he)噪波(bo)功能，是電(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)很基本、且突出的功能。。
　　　
　　　3.電容器的耦合功能
　　　
　　　電(dian)容(rong)器(qi)對(dui)交流信號的(de)(de)阻抗較(jiao)小(xiao)，易(yi)于通過，而對(dui)直流信號的(de)(de)阻抗很大，可視為斷(duan)路。在放大器(qi)中，無磁性電(dian)容(rong)器(qi)常作為交流信號輸入(ru)和輸出傳輸的(de)(de)耦合器(qi)件，即將前級電(dian)路的(de)(de)交流信號耦合至后級電(dian)路。
　　　
　　　4.可(ke)變電容器的功能應用
　　　
　　　由于可變電(dian)容(rong)器電(dian)容(rong)量(liang)可調(diao)的特性(xing)，其主要(yao)應用(yong)于需要(yao)調(diao)整電(dian)容(rong)量(liang)電(dian)路中，如收音機調(diao)諧電(dian)路、選頻(pin)電(dian)路等。

電容器知識