NEWS
穿心電容知識
您所在的位置:
首頁 >
新聞資訊
> 穿心電容知識
關于福州電容器的作用!
在直流電路中,電容器是相當于斷路的。電容器是一種能夠儲藏電荷的元件,也是常用的電子元件之一。這得從電容器的結構上說起。簡單的電容器是由兩端的級板和中間的絕緣電介質(包括空氣)構成的。通電后,級板帶電,形成電壓(電勢差),但是由于中間的絕緣物質,所以整個電容器是不導電的。不過,這樣的情況是在沒有chao過電容器的臨界電壓(擊穿電壓)的前提條件下的。我們知道,任何物質都是相對絕緣的,當物質兩端的電壓加大到一定程度后,物質是都可以導電的,我們稱這個電壓叫擊穿電壓。電容也不例外,電容被擊穿后,就不是絕緣體了。不過在中學階段,這樣的電壓在電路中是見不到的,所以都是在擊穿電壓以下工作的,可以被當做絕緣體看。但是,在交流電路中,因為電流的方向是隨時間成一定的函數關系變化的。而電容器充放電的過程是有時間的,這個時候,在級板間形成變化的電場,而這個電場也是隨時間變化的函數。實際上,電流是通過電場的形式在電容器間通過的。
電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器(qi)的作用(yong)(yong):●耦(ou)(ou)合(he):用(yong)(yong)在耦(ou)(ou)合(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)中的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)稱為(wei)耦(ou)(ou)合(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong),在阻(zu)容(rong)(rong)耦(ou)(ou)合(he)放大器(qi)和(he)其他(ta)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)耦(ou)(ou)合(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)中大量(liang)使用(yong)(yong)這種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu),起(qi)隔直流通交流作用(yong)(yong)
●濾(lv)波(bo)(bo):用(yong)在濾(lv)波(bo)(bo)電(dian)(dian)路中的電(dian)(dian)容器稱為濾(lv)波(bo)(bo)電(dian)(dian)容,在電(dian)(dian)源濾(lv)波(bo)(bo)和(he)各種(zhong)濾(lv)波(bo)(bo)器電(dian)(dian)路中使(shi)用(yong)這種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)容電(dian)(dian)路,濾(lv)波(bo)(bo)電(dian)(dian)容將一定頻段內的信號從(cong)總信號中去(qu)除。
●退耦:用在(zai)退耦電(dian)路中的電(dian)容器稱為退耦電(dian)容,在(zai)多級(ji)放大器的直流電(dian)壓供給電(dian)路中使(shi)用這(zhe)種(zhong)電(dian)容電(dian)路,退耦電(dian)容消除每級(ji)放大器之(zhi)間的有(you)害低頻交連。
●高(gao)(gao)頻(pin)消(xiao)振(zhen)(zhen):用(yong)在(zai)(zai)高(gao)(gao)頻(pin)消(xiao)振(zhen)(zhen)電路(lu)中的(de)電容(rong)稱為高(gao)(gao)頻(pin)消(xiao)振(zhen)(zhen)電容(rong),在(zai)(zai)音頻(pin)負(fu)反(fan)饋放大(da)(da)器(qi)中,為了消(xiao)振(zhen)(zhen)可能出現(xian)(xian)的(de)高(gao)(gao)頻(pin)自激,采(cai)用(yong)這(zhe)種(zhong)電容(rong)電路(lu),以消(xiao)除放大(da)(da)器(qi)可能出現(xian)(xian)的(de)高(gao)(gao)頻(pin)嘯(xiao)叫。●諧振(zhen)(zhen):用(yong)在(zai)(zai)LC諧振(zhen)(zhen)電路(lu)中的(de)電容(rong)器(qi)稱為諧振(zhen)(zhen)電容(rong),LC并聯和(he)串聯諧振(zhen)(zhen)電路(lu)中都需(xu)這(zhe)種(zhong)電容(rong)電路(lu)
●旁(pang)路(lu)(lu)(lu):用在旁(pang)路(lu)(lu)(lu)電(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)中(zhong)的(de)電(dian)容器稱為旁(pang)路(lu)(lu)(lu)電(dian)容,電(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)中(zhong)如果需要(yao)從(cong)信(xin)號(hao)中(zhong)去掉(diao)某(mou)一(yi)頻(pin)段的(de)信(xin)號(hao),可(ke)以(yi)使用旁(pang)路(lu)(lu)(lu)電(dian)容電(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu),根據所去掉(diao)信(xin)號(hao)頻(pin)率不(bu)同(tong),有(you)全頻(pin)域(yu)(所有(you)交流信(xin)號(hao))旁(pang)路(lu)(lu)(lu)電(dian)容電(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)和高頻(pin)旁(pang)路(lu)(lu)(lu)電(dian)容電(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)
●中(zhong)(zhong)和:用在中(zhong)(zhong)和電(dian)路中(zhong)(zhong)的電(dian)容器(qi)稱為中(zhong)(zhong)和電(dian)容。在收(shou)音機(ji)高頻和中(zhong)(zhong)頻放(fang)大器(qi),電(dian)視機(ji)高頻放(fang)大器(qi)中(zhong)(zhong),采用這(zhe)種中(zhong)(zhong)和電(dian)容電(dian)路,以消除(chu)自(zi)激(ji)。
●定(ding)時(shi)(shi)(shi):用在定(ding)時(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路中(zhong)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)容器稱為定(ding)時(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容。在需要通過電(dian)(dian)(dian)容充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)、放電(dian)(dian)(dian)進(jin)行時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)控(kong)制的電(dian)(dian)(dian)路中(zhong)使用定(ding)時(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容電(dian)(dian)(dian)路,電(dian)(dian)(dian)容起控(kong)制時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)常(chang)數大小的作(zuo)用。
●積(ji)分:用(yong)在積(ji)分電(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)器稱為積(ji)分電(dian)(dian)容(rong)。在電(dian)(dian)勢場掃描的(de)同(tong)步分離電(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)中(zhong)(zhong),采用(yong)這種積(ji)分電(dian)(dian)容(rong)電(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu),可以從(cong)場復(fu)合(he)同(tong)步信號中(zhong)(zhong)取(qu)出場同(tong)步信號
●微(wei)分:用(yong)在(zai)微(wei)分電(dian)路中(zhong)的電(dian)容器(qi)稱為微(wei)分電(dian)容。在(zai)觸(chu)發器(qi)電(dian)路中(zhong)為了得(de)到尖頂(ding)觸(chu)發信號(hao),采用(yong)這種微(wei)分電(dian)容電(dian)路,以從各類(主要(yao)是矩(ju)形脈(mo)沖)信號(hao)中(zhong)得(de)到尖頂(ding)脈(mo)沖觸(chu)發信號(hao)。
●補(bu)償:用在補(bu)償電(dian)路(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)的電(dian)容(rong)(rong)器稱為(wei)補(bu)償電(dian)容(rong)(rong),在卡座的低音補(bu)償電(dian)路(lu)中(zhong)(zhong),使用這種低頻(pin)(pin)補(bu)償電(dian)容(rong)(rong)電(dian)路(lu),以(yi)提升放音信號(hao)中(zhong)(zhong)的低頻(pin)(pin)信號(hao),此外,還有高頻(pin)(pin)補(bu)償電(dian)容(rong)(rong)電(dian)路(lu)。
●自(zi)舉(ju)(ju):用(yong)在(zai)自(zi)舉(ju)(ju)電(dian)路中(zhong)的(de)電(dian)容(rong)器稱為自(zi)舉(ju)(ju)電(dian)容(rong),常用(yong)的(de)OTL功率(lv)放(fang)大器輸出級電(dian)路采用(yong)這種自(zi)舉(ju)(ju)電(dian)容(rong)電(dian)路,以通(tong)過正反饋的(de)方式少量提升信號的(de)正半周幅度。
●分(fen)頻(pin):在(zai)分(fen)頻(pin)電(dian)路(lu)(lu)中的(de)電(dian)容(rong)器(qi)稱為(wei)分(fen)頻(pin)電(dian)容(rong),在(zai)音箱的(de)揚(yang)聲器(qi)分(fen)頻(pin)電(dian)路(lu)(lu)中,使(shi)用(yong)分(fen)頻(pin)電(dian)容(rong)電(dian)路(lu)(lu),以使(shi)高頻(pin)揚(yang)聲器(qi)工(gong)作在(zai)高頻(pin)段,中頻(pin)揚(yang)聲器(qi)工(gong)作在(zai)中頻(pin)段,低頻(pin)揚(yang)聲器(qi)工(gong)作在(zai)低頻(pin)段
●負載(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)容(rong):是指(zhi)與石英晶體諧振器一(yi)起(qi)決定負載(zai)(zai)(zai)諧振頻率的有效外界電(dian)容(rong)。負載(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)容(rong)常用的標準值有16pF、20pF、30pF、50pF和(he)100pF。負載(zai)(zai)(zai)電(dian)容(rong)可(ke)以根據具體情況作適當(dang)的調整,通(tong)過調整一(yi)般可(ke)以將諧振器的工作頻率調到(dao)標稱(cheng)值。