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螺紋穿心電容        大功率穿心電容器        隔直耦合電容器
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福州穿心電容器的分類及典型應用和安裝方式!

來源:jincuigu.com.cn 發布時間:2020-03-03 返回
   穿心電容器是一種三端電容,本質上屬于陶瓷電容器,由于直接安裝在金屬面板上,接地電感比普通電容器小得多,引線電感更可以忽略不計。由于輸入輸出端被金屬板隔離,穿心電容器從結構上消除了高頻耦合,這種低通高阻特性能提供近乎理想的濾波效果。
   

穿心電容


   穿(chuan)(chuan)心(xin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器結構并(bing)不(bu)(bu)復(fu)雜,由內外電(dian)(dian)(dian)級和陶瓷組合出一(yi)個(C型)或兩個電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(Pi型),就構成了簡單的穿(chuan)(chuan)心(xin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器。其(qi)工作電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓可達2000VDC,其(qi)中管式穿(chuan)(chuan)心(xin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)器因同軸性結構,即使10GHz頻率也不(bu)(bu)會產生明顯的自諧(xie)振。
   
   由于采用陶瓷(ci)(ci)(ci)介(jie)質,穿(chuan)心(xin)電(dian)容(rong)本(ben)身(shen)屬于一種陶瓷(ci)(ci)(ci)電(dian)容(rong)器(qi)(qi),其高頻濾(lv)波(bo)效果比普通(tong)陶瓷(ci)(ci)(ci)電(dian)容(rong)器(qi)(qi)要好(hao)很(hen)多。同(tong)普通(tong)陶瓷(ci)(ci)(ci)電(dian)容(rong)器(qi)(qi)一樣,穿(chuan)心(xin)電(dian)容(rong)容(rong)量會隨環境(jing)溫度變(bian)化(hua)而(er)變(bian)化(hua),并影響濾(lv)波(bo)器(qi)(qi)的濾(lv)波(bo)截止率,因此應用中需要選擇合適(shi)的陶瓷(ci)(ci)(ci)介(jie)質。
   
   其(qi)中(zhong),濾(lv)波(bo)(bo)電(dian)感一般采用鐵(tie)氧體材料,以(yi)(yi)便與穿心電(dian)容組合起來,形成復(fu)合濾(lv)波(bo)(bo)器,但需(xu)注意鐵(tie)氧材料在(zai)大(da)電(dian)流下的磁飽和,以(yi)(yi)免影(ying)響(xiang)降低(di)濾(lv)波(bo)(bo)器效(xiao)能。在(zai)高性(xing)能濾(lv)波(bo)(bo)器中(zhong),也采用線繞電(dian)感。
   
   穿(chuan)心電容器分(fen)類
   
   作為一種(zhong)低(di)通EMI無(wu)源器(qi)件,穿(chuan)心電容器(qi)可有效(xiao)控(kong)制(zhi)傳輸信(xin)號線、電源線中的傳導干(gan)擾(rao)信(xin)號和輻(fu)射干(gan)擾(rao)信(xin)號。
   
   按(an)頻(pin)段,穿心電容器(qi)可(ke)劃(hua)分為低(di)頻(pin)、高(gao)頻(pin)、甚高(gao)頻(pin)和微(wei)波(bo)濾(lv)波(bo)器(qi)。
   
   按安裝(zhuang)方式,穿心電容(rong)器分螺紋緊固和焊接緊固。
   
   按介質材料,穿心電(dian)容器可分為陶瓷管式、陶瓷片式、有(you)機薄膜式等。
   
   按電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)結(jie)構(gou),穿心電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)可(ke)劃(hua)1分為(wei)(wei)C型(xing)(xing)、L型(xing)(xing)、I型(xing)(xing)、T型(xing)(xing)、雙(shuang)L型(xing)(xing)、雙(shuang)π型(xing)(xing)、雙(shuang)T型(xing)(xing)等。其(qi)中,C型(xing)(xing)結(jie)構(gou)能(neng)避免高(gao)(gao)頻(pin)對地(di)的(de)(de)噪音干擾的(de)(de)低自感(gan)應(ying)裝置(zhi),成本低廉,適合(he)應(ying)用(yong)于高(gao)(gao)阻(zu)(zu)抗(kang)源和(he)(he)(he)(he)高(gao)(gao)負載的(de)(de)場合(he);L型(xing)(xing)結(jie)構(gou)帶有電(dian)(dian)(dian)感(gan)元(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)和(he)(he)(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)元(yuan)(yuan)件(jian),這種典型(xing)(xing)用(yong)于帶有低阻(zu)(zu)抗(kang)源和(he)(he)(he)(he)高(gao)(gao)阻(zu)(zu)抗(kang)負載的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)中,反之亦然;Pi型(xing)(xing)由兩個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)元(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)和(he)(he)(he)(he)在兩個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)元(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)之間的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)感(gan)元(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)組成,對阻(zu)(zu)抗(kang)源和(he)(he)(he)(he)負載均(jun)表現(xian)(xian)為(wei)(wei)低阻(zu)(zu)抗(kang),相(xiang)較(jiao)C型(xing)(xing)、L型(xing)(xing)結(jie)構(gou)提供更(geng)好的(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)頻(pin)濾(lv)(lv)波(bo)性能(neng);T型(xing)(xing)濾(lv)(lv)波(bo)器(qi)包(bao)括兩個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)感(gan)器(qi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi),兩端都是高(gao)(gao)阻(zu)(zu)抗(kang),插入損耗(hao)性能(neng)和(he)(he)(he)(he)π型(xing)(xing)濾(lv)(lv)波(bo)器(qi)相(xiang)似(si),但是它(ta)不易出(chu)現(xian)(xian)“振(zhen)鈴”現(xian)(xian)象(xiang),可(ke)以(yi)用(yong)在開關電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu);π型(xing)(xing)濾(lv)(lv)波(bo)器(qi)包(bao)括兩個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)和(he)(he)(he)(he)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)感(gan)器(qi),其(qi)輸入和(he)(he)(he)(he)輸出(chu)都呈(cheng)低阻(zu)(zu)抗(kang);雙(shuang)T型(xing)(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)因為(wei)(wei)元(yuan)(yuan)件(jian)多,插入損耗(hao)特(te)性比C型(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)(he)(he)LC型(xing)(xing)更(geng)好,但是在開關電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)中,可(ke)能(neng)會出(chu)現(xian)(xian)“振(zhen)鈴”現(xian)(xian)象(xiang)。
   
   穿心電容(rong)器應用(yong)
   
   在實際應(ying)用(yong)中,需要面(mian)對的(de)高頻噪聲往往高達數百MHz甚(shen)至1GHz,這時普通(tong)電容無能(neng)(neng)為(wei)力,必須使用(yong)穿心(xin)電容才能(neng)(neng)有效地濾(lv)除。將(jiang)穿心(xin)電容安裝在金屬面(mian)板上,能(neng)(neng)起到高頻隔(ge)離(li)的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)。
   
   但(dan)是,由于(yu)穿(chuan)心電(dian)容(rong)怕高溫(wen)和(he)溫(wen)度沖擊,焊接時困難(nan)較大(da),非(fei)常容(rong)易損壞,而且很難(nan)修(xiu)復。而且,設備內部強弱電(dian)混(hun)合安(an)裝、數字邏輯電(dian)路混(hun)合安(an)裝的(de)(de)情況越(yue)來越(yue)多,電(dian)路模(mo)塊之間的(de)(de)相互(hu)騷擾成(cheng)(cheng)為嚴重的(de)(de)問題。一個行之有效(xiao)的(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa)是,用金屬隔(ge)(ge)(ge)離(li)艙將不同(tong)性質的(de)(de)電(dian)路隔(ge)(ge)(ge)離(li)開,讓(rang)所有穿(chuan)過(guo)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)離(li)艙的(de)(de)導(dao)線通過(guo)穿(chuan)心電(dian)容(rong)器,否則會造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)隔(ge)(ge)(ge)離(li)失效(xiao)。
   
   以下是穿(chuan)心(xin)電容的幾個典型安裝(zhuang)方(fang)式(shi):
   
   1)焊接式穿(chuan)心電容:用于狹(xia)小空間應用,如濾波信號(hao)、數(shu)據線(xian)和AC電源線(xian)等(deng)。這種(zhong)安裝電路結(jie)構(gou)有C型、Pi型、L型,額定電壓達1000VDC,還能防止安裝時的回流(liu)。
   
   2)樹(shu)脂密封(feng)螺紋式:這種安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)在堅固外殼的(de)兩端用樹(shu)脂密封(feng),螺母(mu)和墊圈可以很(hen)方便地安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)到(dao)通孔(kong)位置,能提供良好的(de)環境保護。這種安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)電路(lu)結構(gou)有C型、L型、Pi型,主要用于信號(hao)、數據(ju)線、DC電源線濾波等,耐(nai)壓(ya)達2500VDC/240VAC,其中微(wei)型擠壓(ya)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)或螺裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)是應用在不宜焊(han)接時的(de)理想選擇,適合微(wei)波及其他高頻應用。
   
   3)高(gao)(gao)電(dian)(dian)流高(gao)(gao)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)樹(shu)脂密封:主要(yao)用于高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)源、堅(jian)固(gu)螺(luo)栓式結構,如高(gao)(gao)流開關(guan)式電(dian)(dian)源、DC充電(dian)(dian)系統,承受電(dian)(dian)流可達(da)(da)100Amps,電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)可達(da)(da)2500VDC和240VAC@400Hz
   
   4)高性(xing)能(neng)玻璃密封(feng):具有優良EMI濾波(bo)性(xing)能(neng),插入損耗(hao)范圍(wei)0.01MHz-10GHz,大電壓400VDC/240VAC@400Hz,大電流30Amps,適(shi)合惡劣(lie)環境和(he)(he)苛刻要求應用,如(ru)火箭點火裝置、飛(fei)機、軍事通訊、醫療設備、多段式濾(lv)波。這種(zhong)安裝電路結(jie)構及形狀有C型、L型和(he)(he)Pi型,一般選擇電容量NPO、X7R、Z5U等(deng)溫度(du)特性得(de)到(dao)1pF-1μF穿心電容器。